Les modèles de circulation générale (MCGs)

Table des matières

AVANT-PROPOS
LISTE DES FIGURES
LISTE DES TABLEAUX
LISTE DES AB RÉ VIA TI ONS
RÉSUMÉ
CHAPITRE I INTRODUCTION GÉNÉRALE
1.1 Régions d’étude
1.2 Dynamique passée de la forêt boréale coniférienne
1.2.1 Reconstitutions des paléo-incendies à partir des charbons de bois
1.2.2 Reconstitutions des paléovégétations à partir des grains de pollen
1.2.3 Simulations du climat passé
1.3 Objectif de la thèse
CHAPITRE II WILDFIRE SIZE ALTERS LONG-TERM VEGETATION TRAJECTORIES IN BOREAL FORESTS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA
2.1 Abstract
2.2 Résumé
2.3 Introduction
2.4 Material and methods
2.4.1 Study area
2.4.2 Sediment sampling and chronologies
2.4.3 Fire history reconstructions
2.4.4 Reconstructions of vegetation dynamics
2. 4. 5 Statistical analyses
2.5 Results
2. 5.1 Fire histories
2.5.2 Vegetation dynamics
2.5.3 Statistical relationships between fire activity and vegetation
2.6 Discussion
2.6.1 Fire activity
2.6.2 Vegetation trajectories
2. 7 Conclusion
2.8 Acknowledgments
2.9 References
CHAPITRE III DIFFERENT REGIONAL CLIMATIC DRIVERS OF HOLOCENE LARGE WILDFIRES IN BOREAL FORESTS OF NORTHEASTERN AMERICA
3.1 Abstract
3.2 Résumé
3.3 Introduction
3.4 Materials and methods
3.4.1 Study are a
3.4.2 Fire-history reconstructions
3.4.3 Climate data
3.5 Results
3.5.1 Fire histories
3.5.2 Past climate
3.5.3 Fire-climate relationships
3.6 Discussion
3.6.1 7000-3000 BP
3.6.2 3000-1000 BP
3.6.3 1000 BP to present-day
3. 7 Conclusion
3.8 Acknowledgments
3. 9 References
CHAPITRE IV IMPROVING DETECTION OF LOCAL FIRE EVENTS IN LACUSTRINE DEPOSITS WITH ANALYSIS OF LARGE CHARCOAL COUNTS
4.1 Abstract
4.2 Résumé
4.3 Introduction
4.4 Material and methods
4.4.1 Study area
4.4.2 Sampling design and charcoal quantification
4.4.3 Chronological setting and fire event reconstructions
4.4.4 Identifying true local fire events
4.5 Results and Discussion
4.5.1 Insights from the LCC method for identifying local fire events
4.5.2 Which is the accurate method to detect local fire events?
4.5.3 Recommendations and limitations of the LCC method
4.6 Acknowledgments
4. 7 References
CHAPITRE V CONCLUSION
5.1 Les origines complexes des grands feux
5.2 Trajectoires de végétations futures
5.3 Une nouvelle façon d’appréhender les recherches sur les paléofeux et les paléovégétations